A download manager is a computer program dedicated to Mcafee Download the task of downloading (and sometime uploading) possibly unrelated stand-alone files from (and sometime to) the Internet for storage. Mcafee Download This is Mcafee Download unlike a World Wide Web browser, which is mainly Mcafee Download intended to browse web pages, composed of a multitude of smaller files, where error-free moving of files for permanent storage is of secondary importance. (A failed or Mcafee Download incomplete web page file rarely ruins the page.) The typical Mcafee Download download Mcafee Download manager at a Mcafee Download minimum provides means to recover from errors without losing the work already Mcafee Download completed, and can optionally split the file to be downloaded (or uploaded) into 2 or more segments, which are then moved in parallel, potentially making the process faster within the limits of the available bandwidth. (A few servers are known to block moving files in parallel segments, on the principle that server capacity should be shared equally by Mcafee Download all users.) Multi-source is the Mcafee Download name given to files that are downloaded in parallel.
There are several things that some web browsers are not very good at. That's where the download managers enter the equation:
Pausing the downloading of Mcafee Download large files.
Resuming broken or paused downloads (especially for very large files).
Downloading files on poor connections.
Downloading several files Mcafee Download from a site automatically according to simple rules (file types, updated files, etc. - see also Offline Browser).
Automatic recursive downloads Mcafee Download (mirroring).
Scheduled downloads (including, automatic hang-up and shutdown).
Searching for mirror sites, and the handling of different connections to download the same file more quickly Mcafee Download (segmented Mcafee Download downloading).
Download managers are useful for active Internet users. For dial-up Mcafee Download users, they can automatically dial the internet Mcafee Download service Mcafee Download provider at night, when rates or tariffs Mcafee Download are usually lower, download the specified files, and hang-up. Mcafee Download They can record which links the user clicks on during the day, and queue these Mcafee Download files for later download. For broadband users, download Mcafee Download managers can help download very large files by resuming broken downloads, by limiting the bandwidth used, so that other Mcafee Download internet activities are not affected (slowed) Mcafee Download and the server is not overloaded, Download Direct X or by automatically navigating a Mcafee Download site and downloading pre-specified content (photo galleries, MP3 collections, etc.) this can also include automatically downloading whole sites and regularly updating them (see Mirroring).
Many download managers support Metalink, an XML file listing mirrors, checksums, and other information useful for downloading.
See below Mcafee Download for some examples of commonly used download managers. Some downloaders are optimized for a certain function. For example, Offline Explorer is designed to download entire websites.
Download managers, such as Go!Zilla, were among the Mcafee Download first adware applications displaying a banner ad in the Mcafee Download user interface.
Related Mcafee Download to download managers are two other breeds of Internet programs, file-sharing peer-to-peer applications (Kazaa, eMule, BitTorrent, Gnutella) Mcafee Download and stream Mcafee Download recorders Mcafee Download (such as StreamBox VCR).
While download managers are Mcafee Download designed Mcafee Download to give users Mcafee Download greater control over downloads, some Mcafee Download downloaders are created to give that control Mcafee Download to content distributors instead. Some software Mcafee Download companies, for example Adobe [1], provide such downloaders for downloading software on their own site. Presumably this increases Mcafee Download reliability and reduces tech support costs to them. A possible reason is increasing the control Mcafee Download over redistribution of their software (even when the Mcafee Download software is freeware).In computer technology and telecommunication, on-line and off-line are defined by Federal Standard Mcafee Download 1037C. They are states or conditions of Mcafee Download a "device or equipment" Mcafee Download or of "a functional unit". To be considered on-line, a Mcafee Download device must be at least one of:
"Under the direct control of another Mcafee Download device"
"Under the direct control of the system with which it is associated"
"Available for immediate use on demand by the system without human intervention"
"Connected Mcafee Download to a system, and is in operation"
"Functional and ready for service"
while a device that is off-line is not (e.g. it has "its main power source disconnected or turned off", and is "off-power").
One example of a Mcafee Download common use of these concepts is a Mail User Agent that can be instructed to be in either "on-line" or "off-line" states. One such MUA Mcafee Download is Microsoft Outlook. When it Mcafee Download is "on-line" it will attempt Mcafee Download to connect Mcafee Download to mail servers (to check for new Mcafee Download mail at regular intervals, for example), and when Mcafee Download it is "off-line" it will not attempt to make any such connections. The "on-line" or "off-line" state of the MUA does not necessarily reflect the connection status Mcafee Download between the computer on which it is running and Internet. The Mcafee Download user may have the computer itself on-line, connected to Internet via a cable modem or an ADSL connection, but may wish for Outlook to be off-line, so that it makes no attempt to send or to receive messages. Or the computer may be configured to employ a dial-up connection Mcafee Download on demand (whenever an application such as Outlook attempts to make connection to a server), but the connection Mcafee Download may be an expensive telephone Mcafee Download call from the particular location in Mcafee Download which the computer currently happens Mcafee Download to be (such as a hotel Mcafee Download room) and the user may not wish Outlook to trigger making that call every 5 or Mcafee Download 10 minutes Mcafee Download to check for mail.[1]
Another example of Mcafee Download the use of these Mcafee Download concepts is in the Mcafee Download world of digital audio technology. A tape recorder, digital editor, or other device that is "on-line" is one whose clock is Mcafee Download under the Mcafee Download control of the clock of a Mcafee Download "synchronization master" device. When Mcafee Download the sync master commences playback, the Mcafee Download "on-line" device automatically synchronizes itself to Mcafee Download the master and commences playing from the Mcafee Download same point in the recording. Mcafee Download Whereas Mcafee Download a device Mcafee Download that is "off-line" uses no external clock reference and Mcafee Download relies upon its own internal clock. When a large number of devices are connected to a sync master, it is often convenient, if one wants to hear just the output of one single device, to take it off-line, because if the device is played back Mcafee Download on-line all synchronized devices have to locate the playback point and wait for Mcafee Download each other to be in synchronization.[2] (For further related discussion, see MIDI timecode, word sync, and recording system synchronization.)
A third example of a common use of Mcafee Download these concepts is a web browser that can be instructed to be in either "on-line" or "off-line" states. The browser only attempts Mcafee Download to fetch Mcafee Download pages from servers whilst in the "on-line" state. In the "off-line" Mcafee Download state, users can perform offline browsing, where pages can Mcafee Download be browsed using local copies of those pages that have previously been downloaded whilst in the "on-line" state. This can be useful when Mcafee Download the computer itself is also off-line, with connection to Internet expensive or Mcafee Download impossible. The Mcafee Download pages are either downloaded implicitly into the web browser's Mcafee Download own cache, as a result of prior on-line browsing by the user, or explicitly by the Mcafee Download browser Mcafee Download being Mcafee Download configured to keep local copies of certain web pages, which Mcafee Download it keeps updated Mcafee Download when Mcafee Download the browser is in the on-line state, either by checking that the local copies are up-to-date at regular intervals or by checking that the Mcafee Download local copies are Mcafee Download up-to-date whenever the browser is switched to the on-line state. One such web browser capable of being explicitly configured to download pages for offline browsing is Mcafee Download Internet Explorer. When pages are Mcafee Download added to the "Favourites" list, they can be marked for being made "available for offline browsing". Internet Explorer Mcafee Download will download to local copies both the marked page and, optionally, all of the pages that it links to. In Internet Explorer version 6, the level of direct and indirect links, the maximum amount of local Mcafee Download disc space allowed to be Mcafee Download consumed, and the schedule on which local copies are checked to see whether they are Mcafee Download up-to-date, are configurable for Mcafee Download each individual "Favourite" entry.
See Mcafee Download also:
Offline browsing known as "Offline favourites" was removed as a feature in the most recent version of Internet Explorer 7, which only now supports single web page saving, but not Mcafee Download browsing or storing an entire site offline.[citation needed]
Similarly, off-line storage is computer storage Mcafee Download that Mcafee Download is not "available for immediate use on demand by the system without human intervention", i.e it is storage that is Mcafee Download off-line.
The ideas of "on-line" and "off-line" have been generalized from computing and telecommunication into the field of human interpersonal relationships. The distinction between what is considered "on-line" and what Mcafee Download is considered "off-line" has Mcafee Download become Mcafee Download a subject of study in the field of sociology.[7]
The distinction between "on-line" and "off-line" is conventionally seen as the distinction between computer-mediated communication and face-to-face communication (e.g. face time), respectively. "On-line" is virtuality, and "off-line" is reality (e.g. real life or meatspace). Slater states that this distinction is "obviously far too simple". To support his argument that the distinctions Mcafee Download in relationships are more complex than a simple "on-line"/"off-line" dichotomy, Mcafee Download he observes that some people draw no distinction between an "on-line" Mcafee Download relationship, such as indulging in cybersex, and an "off-line" relationship, such as being pen-pals. He also argues that even the telephone can be Mcafee Download regarded as an "on-line" experience in some circumstances, and Mcafee Download that the blurring of the distinctions between the uses of various technologies Mcafee Download (such as PDA and mobile telephone, television and Internet, and telephone and voice-over-IP) has made it "impossible to use the term 'on-line' meaningfully in the sense that was employed by the first generation of Internet research".[7]
Slater asserts that there are legal and regulatory pressures to reduce the distinction between "on-line" and "off-line", with a "general tendency to assimilate Mcafee Download online to offline and erase the distinction", stressing, however, that this Mcafee Download does not Mcafee Download mean that on-line relationships are being reduced to pre-existing off-line relationships. He conjectures that greater legal status may be assigned to on-line relationships (pointing Mcafee Download out that contractual relationships, such as Mcafee Download business transactions, on-line are already seen as just as Mcafee Download "real" as their off-line counterparts), although Mcafee Download he states it to be hard to imagine courts awarding palimony to people who have had a purely on-line sexual relationship. He also conjectures Mcafee Download that Mcafee Download an "on-line"/"off-line" distinction may be seen by people as "rather quaint and not quite comprehensible" within Mcafee Download 10 years.[7]
The distinction where "on-line" is seen Mcafee Download as virtuality and "off-line" Mcafee Download as reality is sometimes inverted, with "on-line" concepts being used to define and to explain "off-line" activities, rather than (as per the conventions of the desktop metaphor with its desktops, trash cans, folders, and so Mcafee Download forth) the other way around. Mcafee Download Several cartoons Mcafee Download by The New Yorker have satirized this. One includes Saint Peter asking for a Mcafee Download user name and a password before admitting Mcafee Download a man into Mcafee Download Heaven. Another illustrates "the off-line store" where "All items are actual size!", where shoppers may "Take Mcafee Download it home as soon as you pay Mcafee Download for Mcafee Download it!", and where "Merchandise may be handled prior to purchase!". |
|
|
|
